<p>The City Point Community Church  is a historic church in Cocoa, Florida, United States. It is located at 3783 North Indian River Drive.</p><br>
<p>It was originally constructed as a public hall, school, and non-denominational church for both black and white residents. A five person board of trustees was formed to act on this effort. The land was donated by J.C. Norwood. It was designed by board member A.L. Hatch and built by board member John M. Sanders, who completed the work on November 1, 1885. Other board members were William H. Sharpe, George W. Holmes, and George H. Chester. The structure served as the beginning congregation for several churches, including the United Methodist Church of Cocoa, Church of Christ, Church of God, Primitive Baptist Church, Calvin Baptist Church, Indian River Baptist Church, Baptist Enterprise Church, and the First Apostolic Temple. The building was used as a school until 1924. Picnics, dances, political rallies, a precinct voting station and observation tower during World War II were some of the uses the community found for the building.</p><br>
<p>On June 20, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>St. Lukes Episcopal Church and Cemetery is an historic Carpenter Gothic style Episcopal church building built in 1888 and its adjacent cemetery located at 5555 North Tropical Trail, in Courtenay, on Merritt Island, Brevard County, Florida, in the United States. On June 15, 1990, St. Lukes and its cemetery were added to the National Register of Historic Places as Old St. Luke&#39;s Episcopal Church and Cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>St. Luke&#39;s is an active parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Central Florida. In 1978 a new church building was completed adjacent to the old church, built in 1888, which is now used as a chapel for small weddings and funerals. The current rector is the Rev. Father Peter Roberts. The cemetery is still being used for burials.</p><br>
<p>The Community Chapel of Melbourne Beach is a historic chapel at 501 Ocean Avenue, Melbourne Beach, Florida, United States. The local residents built the chapel in 1892 & made it non-denominational, which it remains today. On May 14, 1992, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Prior to constructing this chapel, the community used the home of local resident Grace Cummings, called Myrtle Cottage, as the place of worship. For many years, mainland ministers held seasonal services at the chapel. The hurricane of 1924 significantly damaged the foundation of the chapel and services did not resume until repairs were complete in December 1927. In 1929, the trustees hired Reverend Walter Lamphear as the first minister. Dr. Vincent Booth succeeded Lamphear as the minister from 1939-1943. In 1942, extensive upgrades to the chapel doubled the seating capacity from 70 to 140. Also, the size of the chancel was increased and transepts were added on the east and west sides. Chaplain Roy M. Terry, a retired Air Force Chief of Chaplains, served as minister from 1982 to 1988 and instituted year-round worship services. On January 10, 1992, the congregation dedicated the Roy Terry Center for Christian Fellowship in his honor. Chaplain John Rasberry also served as the minister. In July 2000, retired Air Force Chaplain John Secret became minister and he serves in this position today. In 2004, the Terry Center received major damage from the series of hurricanes that hit the area. In September 2005, the congregation rededicated the Center upon completion of renovations.</p><br>
<p>Changabang is a mountain in the Garhwal Himalaya of Uttarakhand, India. It is part of a group of peaks that form the northeast wall of the Nanda Devi Sanctuary. It is a particularly steep and rocky peak, and all routes on it are serious undertakings. It has been the site of many significant climbs. It does not have a high topographic prominence, being slightly lower than its near neighbor Kalanka to the east, and lower than many other peaks in the immediate vicinity, but its steep rocky profile has made it a more attractive destination than its elevation would indicate.</p><br>
<h2>First ascent</h2><br>
<p>Changabang was first climbed on 4 June 1974 by an expedition led by Lt. Col Balwant Sandhu and Chris Bonington, via the Southeast Face, leading to the East Ridge. This is the easiest route on the mountain, and one of the few that is primarily a snow/ice climb, as opposed to a rock climb with some snow, ice, or mixed terrain.</p><br>
<h2>Notable ascents</h2><br>
<p>Other notable ascents include some of the hardest climbs ever done in the Himalaya.</p><br>
<p>1976 Southwest Ridge, Naoki Toda, Akira Kobayashi, Masahide Aida, Harumi Ohno, Yukio Asano and Teruyoshi Karino (Japanese Alpine Club) all reached the summit after 33 days of effort.</p><br>
<p>1976 West Wall, Peter Boardman and Joe Tasker, summit reached 15 October 1976. The route took over 25 days to ascend, and their use of big wall climbing techniques to overcome the serious, sustained difficulties was revolutionary. Boardman&#39;s account of the ascent, The Shining Mountain, won the 1979 John Llewellyn Rhys Prize for literature.</p><br>
<p>1978 Direct South Face, Wojciech Kurtyka (Pol.), Krzysztof Żurek (Pol.), Alex MacIntyre (UK) and John Porter (US-UK), summit reached 27 September 1978. (available also internet version, see External links)</p><br>
<p>1981 South Ridge, Ugo Manera (Ita.), Lino Castiglia (Ita.) first summit via the South Ridge.</p><br>
<p>1997 North Face, Andy Cave and Brendan Murphy (summit) with Mick Fowler and Steve Sustad (to summit ridge) made the first ascent of the North Face of Changabang, a 1,600 m (5,250 ft) route involving steep, sustained ice, mixed, and rock climbing. (Murphy was hit by an avalanche and swept off the face to his death on the descent.)</p><br>
<p>1998 The Lightning Route, Carlos Buhler (US) and a team of Russians (Andrei Volkov, Andrei Mariev, Ivan Dusharin and Pavel Chabaline) established a demanding new route on the north face: (VII 5.9 A4 WI4, 1580m)</p><br>
<p>On 12 October 2006, two Mexican climbers, Andrés Delgado and Alfonso de la Parra, summited Changabang by a new route. While descending, they encountered a storm and were officially reported missing by the Indian Mountaineering Federation on 15 October, when they last made a contact via satellite phone. An initial rescue effort was made despite harsh weather conditions, but on 8 November 2006 the search was canceled due to continued harsh weather.</p><br>
<p>The Davie School  is a historic school in Davie, Florida, USA. It is located at 6650 Griffin Road. Designed by August Geiger, upon its completion in 1917 the Davie School was the first permanent school in the Everglades. It opened its doors in 1918 to 90 students, and was in continuous use as a school until 1980. On March 29, 1988, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Until the early 20th century, what is now Davie was considered an impenetrable swamp, accessible only by water. At first, school was held in a room at the general store along a canal, and in 1911, a two-room wooden structure was built for the growing population of Zona (what is now Davie).</p><br>
<p>The building is now home to the Old Davie School Historical Museum, with exhibits about the area pioneers&#39; westward movement into the Everglades. Adjacent to the school is the 1930s period Viele House, a historic house museum, and the Pioneer House, a replica of a 1908 early settler’s shack.</p><br>
<p>The Oakland Park Elementary School is a historic school in Oakland Park, Florida, United States. The school, part of Broward County Public Schools, is located at 936 Northeast 33rd Street. On June 9, 1988, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. the principle of the school is Michelle Garcia. The mascot of the school is an eagle. Grades are Pre-K, K, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th. There are ESOL students in this school. Mostly Spanish, Creole, and English languages are used in this school.</p><br>
<p>The school was built in 1926, and expanded in 1949 with the addition of three rooms. It is the oldest Broward County school in continuous use. In 1951 the school had 275 students.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>The main classroom building, built in 1926 is U-shaped and has arcaded walkways and an open courtyard. The rectangular two story auditorium was built in 1927.</p><br>
<p>Barrier Lake is a man made reservoir at the north end of Kananaskis Country in Alberta, Canada.</p><br>
<p>Highway 40 runs between the lake and Mount Baldy, on the eastern shore. It is entirely located in the Bow Valley Provincial Park.</p><br>
<p>Barrier Lake was created for hydroelectric power generation on the Kananaskis River. The dam that impounds the lake is at the north end of the lake.</p><br>
<p>The lake is also used for recreational activities, with hiking paths surrounding the lake (and cross-country skiing trails in the winter). A visitor centre is located on the eastern shore. Two day-use areas, Barrier Dam and Barrier Lake, are maintained by Alberta Parks. The Jewell Bay Backcountry Campground is established 4 km from the dam. Water-skiing is permitted on the lake, but is rarely done due to the low temperatures of the water.</p><br>
<p>Barrier Lake was used in the 2003 film X2: X-Men United as the stand in for Alkali Lake and in Heartland (CBC) as Eagle Lake (2011).</p><br>
<p>Farmar Mill  is a historic mill building. The mill was powered by the Wissahickon Creek and is located on Mather&#39;s Lane near Skippack Pike , and just west of the historic Bethlehem Pike in the village of Whitemarsh , Pennsylvania, in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The water-powered gristmill was built around the year 1690 by Edward Farmar. Farmars father was a British army officer living in Ireland who had purchased a 5,000 acre parcel of land in Pennsylvania from William Penn. This tract contained most of what is present-day Whitemarsh Township. Farmars father died before he could move his family to America, but his mother brought the family to American in 1685, settling in the area of present-day Fort Washington.</p><br>
<p>Farmar Mill was the original terminus for Skippack Pike, which was established in 1713. By 1722, a road also existed from Farmar Mill, through the village of Three Tuns, to Richard Saunders&#39; ferry, on the Neshaminy Creek (later the village of Bridge Point, now Edison) in Bucks County.</p><br>
<p>In 1740, Quaker businessman Samuel Morris bought a one-half interest in the mill, and bought the remaining half interest after Farmars death in 1746. During the period of 1743 and 1748, Morris was building his country mansion "Whitemarsh Estate" (later known as Hope Lodge) a mere stones throw from Farmars Mill. After Morris death in 1770, his brother Joshua sold the mill and 4 acre of land to Isaac Mather, whose son Joseph built the present mill in 1820.</p><br>
<p>Farmar Mill is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Today, Farmar Mill is part of a museum and historic site at Hope Lodge operated by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Due to concerns of structural integrity, the building is not open to the public.</p><br>
<p>The Minnesota State Public School for Dependent and Neglected Children, now known as West Hills, was located in Owatonna, Minnesota, from 1886 to 1945. The State School was created by an act of the Minnesota legislature in 1885 as an effort to provide safe, transitional housing for the state&#39;s orphaned, abandoned, and neglected children. The goal was remove to at-risk children from bad situations and place them in the State School, where they would reside in a home-like setting, receive an education, and eventually be placed with suitable farm families. During those 60 years, the State School was home to a total of 10,635 children who were orphans, or had been abused or abandoned. Both the Administration building and the State School campus are on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Minnesota State Public School for Dependent and Neglected Children was created by an act of the 1885 State Legislature, which was championed by Governor Lucius F. Hubbard and Reverend Hastings H. Hart, Secretary of the Minnesota Board of Corrections and Charities. Before this facility was created, orphaned, dependent, abused, and neglected children in Minnesota were placed in country poor farms with adult derelicts, petty criminals, alcoholics, and the mentally ill. This school was created to be a haven where these children could be saved from a life of poverty or crime, and transformed into productive members of society.</p><br>
<p>Minnesota chose to follow the cottage system developed by the Michigan State Public School in Coldwater, Michigan, which was created as an alternative to the linear orphanage system. The cottage plan was to offer the children a family-like group atmosphere with about 20-25 to a cottage. Each cottage was managed by a matron who lived in the cottage full time. Eventually, there were 16 cottages on the grounds in Owatonna. By the 1930s, up to 500 children were housed at the State School at any time. Children were constantly being placed out, and new and unfamiliar children being placed in. These were orphaned, dependent, neglected and abused Minnesota children who had been made wards of the state by the probate courts. The State School was to be a temporary home, preparing the children for adoption or placement in new, "good" homes. While the intent was to keep the children only for a few months, some stayed on for years and suffered the effects of institutionalization.</p><br>
<h3>Self-Sufficient Institution</h3><br>
<p>The State School was often referred to as the "city on the hill" or as a "city within a city." At the height of its existence in the 1930s, the school housed 500 children in 16 cottages. Other buildings included a nursery, hospital, school, gymnasium, laundry, and residences for employees and the superintendent. The school had its own power plant, greenhouse, ice house, cemetery, and complete farm with cows, horses, swine, and chickens, making it close to being self-sufficient. The State School had electricity before the City of Owatonna did.</p><br>
<p>Many crafts were conducted right on campus. In a normal day a person could visit a functional bakery, cobbler shop, laundry, barber shop, sewing rooms, butcher shop, and carpenter shop. Originally housed on 160 acres, the grounds grew to 329 acres by 1937, with 42 acres for campus and 287 acres for cultivation to feed all the livestock, and fruit/vegetables for its inhabitants. In addition to grains, the State School farm produced potatoes, carrots, beans, squash, strawberries, raspberries, apples, etc. The wards were expected to act as the primary labor force, especially during harvest. Many foods were canned and stored for use in winter. A greenhouse was used to start the vegetables, fruits, and flowers each spring and two root cellars stored the harvested crops over the winter months.</p><br>
<p>The iconic Main Building served as the school nerve center. It was built in five phases, beginning in 1886 at a cost of $50,000 appropriated by the Minnesota legislature. Architect Warren Barnes Dunnell designed the first three sections. The Main Building was completed in 1887 and, when there was funding, the north and south wings were added in 1889. It came to house the library, chapel, offices, employee and children&#39;s dining rooms, industrial departments, and living quarters for small boys and employees.</p><br>
<h3>Closing of the School</h3><br>
<p>By 1945, state public welfare officials came to believe that early foster care or adoption was preferable to institutionalization, so admissions ceased. In 1947, the Minnesota State Public School for Dependent and Neglected Children (SPS) was officially abolished and all its lands, buildings, property, and funds were transferred to the newly established Owatonna State School (OSS), which provided academic and vocational training for individuals with developmental disabilities. The OSS closed in 1970.</p><br>
<p>After standing empty for four years, the City of Owatonna purchased the campus area from the State of Minnesota in 1974 to house administrative offices and related facilities.</p><br>
<h2>Minnesota State Public School Orphanage Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Minnesota State Public School Orphanage Museum is located on the former State School grounds, which are now owned by the City of Owatonna. Visitors can learn about the history of the school and the children, watch a 1930s film taken of the children, walk through a restored boys&#39; cottage, and stroll the grounds. The campus is one of the most intact examples of a state cottage school standing in the United States and is significant on a national level. The original school building, now known as Merrill Hall, contains a mural, Mother Goose, created by the WPA artist, Miriam Ibling.</p><br>
<p>The museum exists in large part because a former State Schooler, named Harvey Ronglien, believed that the memory of the children who lived at the State School and the way they were treated should not be forgotten. Harvey spent 11 years at the State School, arriving when he was just 5 years old in 1932. After retiring from a career as a lineman (technician) with Owatonna Public Utilities (OPU), Harvey and his wife Maxine began their effort to remember the children. In 1992, the first step was taken to get permission from the Owatonna City Council to have a statue representing the "State School Kids" erected in front of the former Main Building, which was used as the City Administration Building.</p><br>
<p>For more than twenty years, the Rongliens work expanded to create the museum that exists today. In 2011, Maxine Ronglien was honored with an Advocacy Award by the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota. Over the years, the Rongliens also gave a presentation to hundreds of group tours and school groups about Harvey Rongliens experiences at the State School, the effects of institutional living, and the importance of family.</p><br>
<p>The museum became a non-profit 501(c)3 organization in 1999, and operates with a twelve-person board of directors.</p><br>
<h2>Visiting the Museum</h2><br>
<h3>Main Museum</h3><br>
<p>The primary museum is located in the central hall of the Owatonna City Administration Building. This u-shaped hall hosts display cabinets with materials both sorted chronologically and by subject. Visitors may also watch two videos and see photos and artifacts that tell the stories of the children who lived this history.</p><br>
<h3>Cottage 11</h3><br>
<p>Constructed in 1923 by architect Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., Cottage 11 was originally designed to house 25 boys, but eventually housed 30-35 boys from ages 6–13. In 2009, the restored cottage opened for tourists. Highlights include the original terrazzo flooring, bathroom fixtures and woodwork; a gift shop; and the opportunity to walk through an original cottage from the orphanage era and learn the story of the boys who lived there. The restoration process included removing walls, sanding floors, scraping paint, adding new furnaces and air-conditioning units, construction projects, painting, finishing floors, finding artifacts, and installing audio systems. Museum founder, Harvey Ronglien, lived in Cottage 11 for eight years and tells his story in the book A Boy from C-11, Case #9164.</p><br>
<h3>Children's Cemetery</h3><br>
<p>In all, 198 State School children have been buried in the Children&#39;s Cemetery located in the southwest corner of the campus. The cemetery is open for public viewing, weather permitting. It has been restored by the Museum Board and local friends. The first 47 children were buried with a tombstone. However, the practice was then changed. The next 151 children who died were buried simply with their identification number etched on a slab of cement. Through a community effort, each grave now has a named marker. A memorial boardwalk also leads to the cemetery.</p><br>
<h3>Outdoor Audio Stations</h3><br>
<p>Guests may explore the campus by following the six-station Outdoor Audio Tour. The tour stations lead to historic sites, such as the restored Boys Cottage 11, the Childrens Cemetery, Root Cellar, Flag Pole Plaza, Rock Garden, and 1898 School Monument. The audio stations are active from May 1 through November 1.</p><br>
<h2>The Children Remember Documentary</h2><br>
<p>The Children Remember is an 87-minute film that brings together a revealing and stirring collection of oral history spoken by thirteen candid survivors of life in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s at the Minnesota State School for Dependent and Neglected Children. It was completed in 2002, after a two-year production process. The film was the winner of the Bill Snyder Award for Best Documentary Feature at the 2003 Fargo Film Festival and was selected as one of the Best of Fest at the 2003 Minneapolis-St. Paul International Film Festival.</p><br>
<p>Former State School residents in the film include: Oscar and Harvey Ronglien, Eva Carlson Jensen, Lester Felien, Eugene Bliss, Ruth Lowry Fizer, Richard Webber, Violet Grothe Conlin, Wilbur Hollister, Helen Hoover Bowers, Iris Avis Segelstrom Wright, Vivian Swan Manthe, Robert Charnell; State School family member: Arlene P. Nelson; State School staff: Grace Larson White, Luella Wardien Keller; community interviewees: Bernadine Haberman, daughter of "Joe the plumber" Pribyl; Jane Jacobson, Owatonna classmate and friend; Helen Patterson, Sunday School teacher, 1936-1941; R.W. "Buzz" Kaplan, high school classmate and friend.</p><br>
<p>Individuals involved in the production were: Kathleen Laughlin/producer, director, editor; Maxine Ronglien/executive producer; Michael Maas/project director; Harvey Ronglien/historian; Kevin Kling/narrator; Mike Hazard/writer; Ed Matney/camera; Ted Golbuff/sound; Robert Hughes/composer.</p><br>
<h2>Books by State Schoolers</h2><br>
<p>Several former residents or their family members have written memoirs of their lives, including their time at the State School.</p><br>
<p>God&#39;s Angry Man: The Incredible Journey of Private Joe Haan</p><br>
<p>by B. Wayne Quist</p><br>
<p>A Boy from C-11 Case #9164, A Memoir</p><br>
<p>by Harvey Ronglien</p><br>
<p>Iris Blossom and Boxing Gloves</p><br>
<p>by Iris Segelstrom Wright</p><br>
<p>Crackers and Milk</p><br>
<p>by Arlene Nelson</p><br>
<p>No Tears Allowed</p><br>
<p>by Eva Carlson Jensen</p><br>
<p>While the Locust Slept</p><br>
<p>by Peter Razor</p><br>
<p>My Light at the End of the Tunnel</p><br>
<p>by Helen Hoover Bowers</p><br>
<p>Patty&#39;s Journey: From Orphanage to Adoption and Reunion</p><br>
<p>by Donna Scott Norling</p><br>
<p>Barn Vet - The Story of a Minnesota Finn</p><br>
<p>by Aaron P. Antroinen, DVM</p><br>
<p>Minnesota Man</p><br>
<p>by Jemkay Smith</p><br>
<p>Pursuit of Perfection: From Orphanage to National Champion</p><br>
<p>by Lynn Borland</p><br>
<p>The Wedge is a mountain in Alberta, Canada. It is part of the Fisher Range of the Southern Continental Ranges of the Canadian Rockies. It is located east of Highway 40 just southeast from the K-Country golf course, immediately southeast of Wedge Pond in Kananaskis Country.</p><br>
<h2>Scramble</h2><br>
<p>1,100 m gain, mostly easy with a moderate section just above the tree line and a short difficult section on the ridge. The trail starts from the wedge pond parking lot. Either follow the shore counter clock wise until a trail takes off into the trees or follow the cutline south (right) from the gate to find a trail that soon joins the other and heads up the hill. It&#39;s a nice treed walk up 850 m to the tree line.</p><br>
<p>Once on the rocks the best route up is to keep to the right, beside the cliffs until you can get on top then it&#39;s an easy walk up to the false summit. From there a ridge walk leads to the true summit. One short section of the ridge is too narrow to walk on so one has to find hand and foot holds and hang on the side of the ridge for 4 m or so. Then the ridge widens again.</p><br>
<p>Mount Hebo is a mountain located on the border of Tillamook County and Yamhill County in the USA state of Oregon. Mount Hebo is known for being one of the best, most easily accessed viewpoints in the north Oregon Coast, with a 360-degree view from the summit.</p><br>
<p>Mount Hebo is part of the Northern Oregon Coast Range and is located in the Siuslaw National Forest overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Access to the summit is provided by an eight-mile forest service road that begins about a quarter mile from the junction of USA Route 101 and Oregon Route 22 in the community of Hebo.</p><br>
<p>Mount Hebo was apparently named by a viewing party seeking a new route to the Willamette Valley that climbed the mountain to get a better view of the terrain. A member of the party said the mountain should be called "Heave Ho" because from their position it looked like it had been heaved up from its surroundings. The name became distorted over the years to its present form.</p><br>
<p>Mount Hebo was the site of the Mount Hebo Air Force Station, a long-range radar installation, 1956–1980.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place is a neighborhood in Indianapolis located about a mile east of Downtown Indianapolis. It was established in the 1870s as an early suburb of Indianapolis. Woodruff Place&#39;s boundaries are: 10th Street on the north, Woodruff Place West Drive on the west, Michigan Street on the south, and Woodruff Place East Drive on the east. This community was an independent municipality and maintained autonomy, even as the City of Indianapolis grew and expanded around the neighborhood, enclosing the community well within the city limits. Woodruff Place was incorporated in 1876 and remained an independent town until 1962 when it became one of the final municipalities to be annexed by the City of Indianapolis prior to the merger of city and county governments in 1969.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place is bounded on the west by the campus of Arsenal Technical High School,</p><br>
<p>which opened in 1912 on the former site of the Indianapolis Arsenal, and which still uses several historic buildings from the arsenal.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place was once considered to be one of Indianapoliss more affluent neighborhoods before beginning a gradual decline as the automobile led to the development of newer upscale subdivisions beginning in the late 1910s. By the 1950s many of the grand homes had been subdivided into apartments; previously, the neighborhood had only a modest collection of duplexes and smaller apartment buildings which were added beginning in the early 1910s. The neighborhood reached its lowest point in the 1960s, prompting community organizing in the early 1970s to encourage neighborhood revitalization. The 1980s and 1990s saw extensive neighborhood rehabilitation, and Woodruff Place is now considered a highly desirable historic inner-city address. Its design reflects the developers plan to build a prestigious enclave. Most of the homes in Woodruff Place are expansive, Victorian style homes from the late 19th century. The layout of the neighborhood is simple; three drives that run north-south (appropriately named East, West, and Middle) and a cross drive (not surprisingly, named Cross Drive). The streets are lined with magnolia and oak trees and have a central median. A fountain sits at each one of the intersections. Smaller fountains line the medians.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place was the inspiration behind Indianapolis native Booth Tarkington&#39;s successful novel The Magnificent Ambersons</p><br>
<p>. Artist T. C. Steele&#39;s son Brandt, a noted designer and architect in his own right, and his family were also Woodruff Place residents, living in a home designed by Brandt Steele.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff also created "Hendricks Place". In the spring of 1872 prior to Woodruff Place, Thomas A Hendricks was elected to be governor of Indiana. He sold his property to Woodruff who then created his first Victorian neighborhood "Hendricks Place". In the fall of that year, Woodruff created "Woodruff Place" but few homes were built because a depression in 1873 stopped construction in both neighborhoods for almost twenty years.</p><br>
<p>In 1972, Woodruff Place was added to the National Register of Historic Places. In 2001, the neighborhood was officially designated a local historic preservation district by the City of Indianapolis.</p><br>
<p>Stephens Island, called Ugar in the native language, is an island of the Torres Strait Islands archipelago, located in the eastern section of Torres Strait, Queensland, Australia. The island is administratively managed by the local government area of the Torres Strait Island Region.</p><br>
<p>Ugar (also known as Stephen Island) is situated in the eastern island group of Torres Strait. The Torres Islander people of the island are of Melanesian origin and hold close kinship ties with the Islander people of Darnley Island (Erub) and Murray Island (Mer). The Traditional Owners of Stephen Island call themselves the Ugarem-Le. The Ugarem-Le lived in village communities following traditional patterns of hunting, fishing, agriculture and trade for many thousands of years before contact was made with European visitors to the region.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The island is located near the Great Barrier Reef and north of Coconut Island (also called Poruma) and northwest of Murray Island and west of Darnley Island.</p><br>
<h2>Islanders</h2><br>
<p>The people of Stephens Island call themselves Ugarem Le, and are the same people as the neighbouring Erubam Le of Erub (Darnley Island), the Meriam Le and Nog Le of Mer (Murray), the Dauarab Le of Dauar and the people of Waier. The traditional language of these islands is Meriam Mìr, of which there were formerly two dialects, Erub-Ugar and Mer-Dauar-Waier.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>The island&#39;s European name was bestowed by Captain William Bligh in 1792 during his second breadfruit voyage to the Pacific, after Philip Stephens, First Secretary to the Admiralty.</p><br>
<h2>History of Stephen Island</h2><br>
<h3>European contact</h3><br>
<p>In September 1792, Captain William Bligh, in charge of the British Navy ships Providence and Assistant, visited Torres Strait and mapped the main reefs and channels. Bligh gave Stephen Island its name. In 1793, the merchant vessel Shah Hormuzear and the whaler Chesterfield anchored off Darnley Island. A party of 6 sailors were killed by the Islanders when they were discovered polluting Darnley Island’s only supply of fresh water. In retaliation the Captains Alt and Bampton ordered the destruction of huts, canoes and gardens on Darnley Island and several Islanders were killed. Captains Alt and Bampton next travelled to Stephens Island in search of a boat which went missing during the attack. The Ugarem-Le shot arrows at the sailors when they landed on the Island. The crew returned with gunfire and set fire to a village on Stephen Island.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1860s, beche-de-mer (sea cucumber) and pearling boats began working the reefs of Torres Strait. In June 1879, the Queensland Coast Islands Act 1879 was passed by the Queensland Government, allowing it to claim all Torres Strait islands including Stephen Island, beyond the previous 60 mile limit. This Act enabled the Queensland Government to control and regulate the beche-de-mer and pearling industries, which previously had operated outside its jurisdiction. A beche-de-mer station was established on Stephen Island in the 1880s by a man named Wilson.</p><br>
<p>Torres Strait Islanders refer to the arrival of London Missionary Society (LMS) missionaries at Erub in July 1871 as "the Coming of the Light". Around 1900, the LMS missionary Rev. Walker established a philanthropic business scheme named Papuan Industries Limited (PIL). PIL encouraged Islander communities to co-operatively rent or purchase their own pearl luggers or "company boats". The "company boats" were used to harvest pearl shells and beche-de-mer, which was sold and distributed by PIL. The people of Stephen Island made arrangements to purchase their first company boat in 1905. Company boats provided Islanders with income and a sense of community pride and also improved transport and communication between the islands.</p><br>
<p>In November 1912, 800 acres of land on Stephen Island were officially gazetted as an Aboriginal reserve by the Queensland Government. Many other Torres Strait Islands were gazetted as Aboriginal reserves at the same time. By 1918, a Protector of Aboriginals had been appointed to Thursday Island and during the 1920s and 1930s racial legislation was strictly applied to Torres Strait Islanders, enabling the government to remove Islanders to reserves and missions across Queensland. A government school was built on Stephens Island in 1925.</p><br>
<p>In 1936, around 70% of the Torres Strait Islander workforce went on strike, in the first organised challenge against government authority made by Torres Strait Islanders. The 9 month strike was an expression of Islanders’ anger and resentment at increasing government control of their livelihoods. The strike protested against government interference in wages, trade and commerce and also called for the lifting of evening curfews, the removal of the permit system for inter-island travel, and the recognition of the Islanders’ right to recruit their own boat crews.</p><br>
<p>The strike produced a number of significant reforms and innovations. Unpopular local Protector J.D. McLean was removed and replaced by Cornelius O’Leary. O’Leary established a system of regular consultations with elected Islander council representatives. The new councils were given a degree of autonomy including control over local island police and courts.</p><br>
<p>On 23 August 1937 O’Leary convened the first Inter Islander Councillors Conference at Yorke Island. Representatives from 14 Torres Strait communities attended. Ned Oroki represented Stephen Island at the conference. After lengthy discussions, unpopular bylaws (including the evening curfews) were cancelled, and a new code of local representation was agreed upon. In 1939, the Queensland Government passed the Torres Strait Islander Act 1939, which incorporated many of the recommendations discussed at the conference. A key section of the new act officially recognised Torres Strait Islanders as a separate people from Aboriginal Australians.</p><br>
<p>During World War Two in 1941, the Australian Government began recruiting Torres Strait Islander men to serve in the armed forces. Recruited men from Stephen Island and other island communities formed the Torres Strait Light Infantry. While the Torres Strait Islander recruits were respected as soldiers, they only received one third of the pay given to white Australian servicemen. On 31 December 1943, a number of companies of the Torres Strait Light Infantry went on strike calling for equal pay and equal rights for all soldiers. The Australian military hierarchy agreed to increase their pay to two thirds the level received by white servicemen. Full back pay was offered in compensation to the Torres Strait servicemen by the Australian Government in the 1980s.</p><br>
<p>After gaining its independence from Australia in 1975, Papua New Guinea asserted its right to the islands and waters of the Torres Straits. In December 1978, a treaty was signed by the Australian and Papua New Guinea governments that described the boundaries between the 2 countries and the use of the sea area by both parties. The Torres Strait Treaty, which has operated since February 1985, contains special provision for free movement (without passports or visas) between both countries. Free movement between communities applies to traditional activities such as fishing, trading and family gatherings, which occur in a specifically created Protected Zone and nearby areas. The Protected Zone also assists in the preservation and protection of the land, sea, air and native plant and animal life of the Torres Strait.</p><br>
<h3>Local government and Deed of Grant communities</h3><br>
<p>On 30 March 1985, the Stephens Island community elected 3 councillors to constitute an autonomous Stephen Island Council established under the Community Services (Torres Strait) Act 1984. This Act conferred local government type powers and responsibilities upon Torres Strait Islander councils for the first time. The Aboriginal reserve on the island, held by the Queensland Government, was transferred on 21 October 1985 to the trusteeship of the council under a Deed of Grant in Trust. On 24 April 2002 the council’s name was changed from Stephen Island Council to Ugar Island Council.</p><br>
<p>In 2007, the Local Government Reform Commission recommended that the 15 Torres Strait Island councils be abolished and the Torres Strait Island Regional Council (TSIRC) be established in their place. In elections conducted under the Local Government Act 1993 on 15 March 2008, members of the 15 communities comprising the TSIRC local government area each voted for a local councillor and a mayor to constitute a council consisting of 15 councillors plus a mayor.</p><br>
<p>The African American Museum and Library at Oakland  is a museum and non-circulating library dedicated to preserving the history and experiences of African Americans in Oakland, California, United States. It contains an extensive archival collection of such artifacts as diaries, correspondence, photos, and periodicals.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It is currently located in the Charles A. Greene building in Oakland, at the corner of 14th and Martin Luther King Jr. Way in Oakland, California, which served as the Oakland Main Library from 1902 to 1951.</p><br>
<p>The AAMLO began as a private collection in 1946, and in 1964 became the East Bay Negro Historical Society, Inc. It later changed its name to the Northern California Center for Afro-American History & Life, before being incorporated into the city of Oakland in 1994 under its current name, the African American Museum and Library at Oakland.</p><br>
<p>Among the more than 160 collections in the library are archives relating to Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, the Black Panthers, Africa, and genealogy. Materials include photographs, manuscripts, letters, diaries, newspapers, recorded oral histories, videos, and microfilms. AAMLO’s two galleries host changing exhibitions of art, history, and culture.</p><br>
<p>AAMLO began as a private collection in 1946. Initially housed in a small shop front on Grove Street (now Martin Luther King, Jr., Boulevard), the collection grew quickly and, in 1960, moved into the Oakland Public Library’s Golden Gate Branch. It officially became AAMLO, a public/ private partnership, in 1994. AAMLO moved into its current location in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Quaker Manor House is a historic building located at 1165 Pinetown Road in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, in the United States.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1730 as a residence and fur trading post by John Getty, who served as an Indian agent representing the Province of Pennsylvania and Governor Patrick Gordon, and a friend of James Logan. After Gettys death, the house was purchased by Quaker Jeremiah Warder, a Philadelphia merchant, who lived in the house until 1783. Warder, who was a friend of Benjamin Chew, was arrested during the American Revolution and imprisoned in Virginia. During this period, the Quaker Manor House was also known by the name "Warders Conquest."</p><br>
<p>During the American Revolutionary War, George Washington and the Continental Army spent six weeks camped at nearby Whitemarsh in the autumn of 1777. During the encampment, the Quaker Manor House served as the headquarters for Washington&#39;s Surgeon General, John Cochran.</p><br>
<p>The Quaker Manor House is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places, and is currently a privately owned residence.</p><br>
<p>The Porcher House is a historic home in Cocoa, Florida. It is located at 434 Delannoy Avenue. On January 6, 1986, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1916 by Edward Postell Porcher as a home for his wife, Byrnina M. Peck, the historic house is an excellent example of 20th century classical revival architecture, adapted to the Florida climate. The ten bedroom house is composed of native coquina rock, and finished in the interior with teak, oak, and cedar. In the 1950s, the city of Cocoa obtained the house from the Porcher family and turned it into the City Hall. It is currently rented out for special occasions.</p><br>
<p>Porcher was a pioneer in the citrus industry and is credited with being the first to wash, grade and inspect fruit. His wife was the first postmistress of Merritt Island.</p><br>
<h2>Footnotes</h2><br>
<p>The Pritchard House is a historic house in Titusville, Florida, United States. It is located at 424 South Washington Avenue. On January 12, 1990, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The house is owned by the Brevard County Board of County Commissioners and operated by the North Brevard Heritage Foundation.</p><br>
<h2>Family History</h2><br>
<p>James Pritchard was born in New York City in 1839. He served in the Confederacy and met his wife Mary Haley Boye in December 1866. After inheriting land from Mary’s grandfather, the couple moved to an area near what “became Indian River City but was then known as Pritchard’s Landing”. In 1888, Pritchard organized the Indian River State bank and served as its president. In 1891, contractor Pleasant J. Hall began building the Pritchard’s new home located on Washington Avenue. Captain Pritchard, his wife Mary, his mother-in-law Frances Delespine Boye, and his children Boud and Kate were the original occupants. Captain Pritchard died in 1926 and is buried at Oaklawn Cemetery in Titusville, Florida. Boud and his wife, Lola Pauline Smith, known as “Miss Lovie” lived in the house until their deaths. Boud and Miss Lovie’s daughter Mary lived in house until 2005, when the house was purchased by Brevard County Board of County Commissioners.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Pritchard House is a two-story wood framed Queen Anne style residence located near downtown Titusville. It is surrounded by a white picket fence and is situated between two major thoroughfares. According to the original paperwork submitted to the National Park Service for the inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places:</p><br>
<p>The main block of the house is gable front with a slope front gable wing on the south elevation. Exterior walls imbricated with wood fishscale shingles. Outstanding features on the main block include decorative ogee shaped bargeboard with incised scrollwork and drop pendants. The side gable contains round arched bargeboard of similar design. A conical tower at the southeast corner complements a canted, two story porch. The porch wraps the east and west elevations and is supported by small Tuscan columns with scroll brackets. The front gabled bay is canted. Three large brick chimneys with corbelled caps and hoods are located on the north and south lateral slopes of the roof and the west ridge. The house rests on a brick pier foundation. A rear porch addition does not significantly affect the integrity of the structure. In the late nineteenth century, prominent citizens built Queen Anne-style homes along the South Washington Avenue and North Indian River Avenue corridors. The Pritchard House is the last remaining Queen Anne residence on South Washington Avenue.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>In 2003, the owner of the home, Mary Pritchard Schuster sent a letter of intent to District 1 County Commissioner Truman Scarborough offering to sell the home to Brevard County. The house was to be restored in its original location and used as a Living History House Museum. No portion of the land could be sold, a member of the Pritchard family must be included in the organization that operates the museum and if the house ever ceases to operate as a house museum, ownership will revert to the Pritchard family. The county purchased the home and property for $250,000.</p><br>
<p>After Brevard County took ownership of the Pritchard House in 2005, restoration began immediately. Brevard County spent approximately $50,000 fixing the home before leasing it to the North Brevard Heritage Foundation. The North Brevard Heritage Foundation continued to renovate the home and planned to operate it as a museum. The house needed several repairs when Brevard County took possession of it. The foundation needed to be stabilized with concrete footings and hurricane-resistant straps. The porch required a return to historical accuracy. The homes interior needed to be restored as well, including furniture restoration, wallpapering, painting, and flooring. An archeological dig began in 2005 by the Indian River Anthropological Society. Some treasures that were found included an ink bottle, perfume bottle, square nails, ceramic pieces, and childrens marbles.</p><br>
<h2>Historical Marker</h2><br>
<p>The North Brevard Heritage Foundation unveiled a state historic marker in December 2005. The marker reads:</p><br>
<p>Captain James Pritchard bought a lot from Mary Titus, and in the spring of 1891 contracted Pleasant J. Hall, who had built St. Gabriels Episcopal Church, to build a Queen Anne style house of heart pine. It appears today much like it did then. On the first floor is a main entrance hall, a stairway to the second floor, parlor and dining room. The kitchen was separated from the main living area by an open passage, now closed in with a side door. A narrow stairway ascends from the kitchen to the maids room above. The second floor has four bedrooms with built-in closets. Only the master bedroom had access to the balcony. The passage between the main house and maids room at the end of the hall later became a bathroom. A pipe connected to a hand pump located next to the tub carried water from the cistern below. The four fireplaces have original tiled hearths. The entrance hall light fixture is original. In 1888, Pritchard organized Titusvilles first bank, built the first generating plant in 1890-later sold to Florida Power and Light Co., and owned James Pritchard and Son Hardware Store. Pritchard family members had continuously lived in the house, until it was purchased by Brevard County in May 2005.</p><br>
<h2>Tourist Attraction</h2><br>
<p>The Pritchard House opened to the public in December 2010. Tours are available strictly by reservation-only. The house can be reserved for weddings, meetings, and private functions. Special public events take place throughout the year including civil war reenactments, exclusive seating for the Titusville Holiday parade, and parties.</p><br>
<p>The James D. and Alice Butler House, commonly known as the The Butler House, is a historic home in Deerfield Beach, Florida. It is located at 380 East Hillsboro Boulevard. On July 28, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>This Mediterranean Revival style building was the home of Deerfield Beach pioneers and civic leaders, James D. and Alice Wood Butler. The historic Butler House has been completely restored. It contains many of the original furnishings with the exception of the dining room table that was replaced after the first one was used to board up the west dining room window during the San Felipe Segundo hurricane in 1928. Furnishings include the wicker furniture purchased by the Butlers in 1923 for $500.</p><br>
<p>The plans for the house were obtained from a popular ladies magazine, the Ladies Home Journal of September 1923. It cost $10,000.00 to build and it is situated on almost four city lots. The house is built of hollow tile, the interior walls are plaster on lath and the roof is made from Spanish terracotta tiles.</p><br>
<p>About James D. and Alice Butler:</p><br>
<p>The Butlers married in 1906 in Texas and came to Deerfield Beach in 1910 on a visit and stayed to become two of Deerfield Beach’s most popular and public-spirited citizens. When Broward County was formed in 1915, Mr. Butler was a member of the first school board. For eight years he served on the Broward County Board of County Commissioners and for four years on the Deerfield Beach City Commission. Mrs. Butler helped found the Deerfield Beach Woman’s Club and they both assisted in the establishment of the First Baptist Church of Deerfield. Mr. Butler died in 1965 and Mrs. Butler died in 1976; both are buried in the Deerfield Beach Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The house is owned and operated by the Deerfield Beach Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The Bonnet House  is a historic home in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States. It is located at 900 Birch Road. On July 5, 1984, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It is named after the Bonnet Lily.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The property was originally acquired in 1895 by Hugh Taylor Birch, a successful Chicago lawyer, and given to his daughter Helen and her husband, artist Frederic Clay Bartlett, as a wedding gift in 1919. Bartlett built a plantation-style home on the property and wintered there with his wife and child from a previous marriage, Frederic Jr, until Helen died in 1925. As a memorial to his late wife Bartlett donated his extensive art collection to the Art Institute of Chicago. Bartlett then married Evelyn Fortune Lilly, ex-wife of Eli Lilly, and they continued to use the home as a winter residence until his death in 1953 and hers in 1997. The estate was valued at $35 million, the largest single private donation in state history.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>The principle buildings include; the main house, an art studio, a music studio and a guest house. It includes 100 ft of beach.</p><br>
<h3>Art studio</h3><br>
<p>The first building completed was the art studio.</p><br>
<h3>Main house</h3><br>
<p>The ceiling of the drawing room in the main house is of mahogany from a large log that washed ashore in a storm. Throughout a motif of pairs reflecting an interest of Frederic and Evelyn Bartlett.</p><br>
<h3>Music studio</h3><br>
<h3>Guest house</h3><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>In 1987 six thousand visitors took the 90 minute tour of the site.</p><br>
<p>Evelyn Bartlett had a pet monkey and bought 30 to 40 monkeys to live in the trees of the estate. In 2014 at least three of them still lived there.</p><br>
<p>Bartlett&#39;s sister, Maie Bartlett Heard, founded the Heard Museum in Phoenix with her husband Dwight B. Heard.</p><br>
<p>Since 2003 the Bonnet House has sought to increase revenue by serving as a filming location. It also was a filming location for the movie Hoot.</p><br>
<p>In May 2008, the National Trust for Historic Preservation listed the building on their list of America&#39;s Most Endangered Places. The same year the Bonnet House settled a lawsuit against a developer planning an 18-storey hotel nearby. The settlement included almost half a million dollars for landscaping to obscure the view of the new building. The proposed hotel had been controversial, many people both in favor and opposed spoke at public hearings on the subject. Also in 2008 it was featured in the book, Great Houses of Florida.</p><br>
<p>In 2012 the Bonnet House joined the Riverwalk Arts and Entertainment District as a cultural partner. In 2017 Patrick Shavloske was named chief executive officer.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>Stranahan House is the home of Fort Lauderdale pioneers Frank and Ivy Stranahan. Built in 1901 as a trading post and converted into a residence for the Stranahans in 1906, the house is the oldest surviving structure in Broward County. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and today operates as a historic house museum. The House is open for guided tours at 1, 2, and 3 p.m. daily, and hosts special events throughout the year.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>The Stranahans</h3><br>
<h4>1893–1900</h4><br>
<p>In 1893, at the age of 27 Frank Stranahan was hired by his cousin to manage his camp and ferry at Tarpon Bend located on the New River. He would quickly establish his own trading business with the Seminole Indians and gain the reputation of being a fair business man. Arriving via dugout canoes, large groups of Seminole families would camp at the post for days at a time. Eventually, in 1894 Frank would acquire ten acres of land for his own commercial interests and would move the trading post farther west along the river. This property became the focal point of the tiny New River settlement, of which Stranahan was now its postmaster.</p><br>
<p>By 1899, the community had grown large enough to qualify for a teacher from the county board of education. Eighteen-year-old Ivy Julia Cromartie of Lemon city (what is now Little Haiti) was hired at $48 a month for the job. Community members built the one-room schoolhouse for Ivy and her nine students. Frank and Ivy would come to know one another during the five months Ivy lived and taught at the settlement. They would marry on August 16, 1900 at her family home, and as was customary for married women at the time, Ivy gave up her paid position. Though she gave up her paid position she did not, however, give up her teaching aspirations. She instead turned her attention to the Seminole children, offering informal lessons at the trading post that respected the Tribes traditions. Her approach quelled skeptical tribal elders fears and formed the basis for her lifelong friendship with the Seminole people.</p><br>
<h4>1901–1910</h4><br>
<p>Frank built the present day Stranahan House in 1901; the lower floor served as a trading post and the upper floor as a community hall. By 1906 Frank&#39;s business had expanded to include a general store and bank, he would also build a new building closer to the Railroad which had arrived in 1896. The old trading post was renovated as a result into a residence for the Stranahans.</p><br>
<p>As Franks businesses grew, so did the settlement. By 1910 the Census reports that there was 142 people living in the town. Frank and Ivy would take on many leadership roles in the social and civic life of their developing city, Ivy for instance would help found the Womens Civic improvement Association, later the Woman&#39;s club of Fort Lauderdale. Throughout the rest of her life Ivy would be involved with virtually every civic and social cause in the city.</p><br>
<h4>1911–1929</h4><br>
<p>Renamed Fort Lauderdale after the army forts that had been built during the Seminole Wars, the area was incorporated in 1911. Frank donated land for many public projects. With this new name Frank would end up selling the trading company in 1912 to focus on real estate and banking while Ivy would become president of the Florida Equal Suffrage Association in 1916. In 1924 due to her close relationship with the Seminoles, the federal government would seek out Ivy and ask for assistance in persuading the tribe to move to the reservation. She would be successful in her efforts.</p><br>
<p>In 1926, Floridas land boom had collapsed. Frank suffered extreme economic reverses that were worsened over the next three years by two devastating hurricanes. Adding to Franks distress was the knowledge that friends and associates who had invested with him were financially ruined as well. On May 22, 1929, deeply depressed and in ill health, Frank committed suicide drowning in the New River in front of his home.</p><br>
<h4>1929–1971</h4><br>
<p>Ivy carried on, making ends meet by renting out rooms of her home and eventually leasing the lower floor to a series of restaurants. She gradually returned to her civic activism. Among her many accomplishments she became a long-term member of the city&#39;s planning and zoning committee, successfully lobbied for the Homestead Exemption law, established the Friends of the Seminoles and founded Broward County chapters of the Red Cross and Campfire Girls.</p><br>
<p>Ivy remained in her home until her death on August 30, 1971 at the age of 90. The house was left to the Seventh Day Adventist church, of which Ivy had been a member since 1915 it was purchased by the Fort Lauderdale Historical Society in 1975.</p><br>
<h3>The House</h3><br>
<h4>1901–1928</h4><br>
<p>Frank built the two-story structure at its present site in 1901. The lower floor was used as the trading post, and the upper floor as a community hall. In 1906 Frank renovated the house and made it into their home. Bay windows were added, and gas lighting fixtures were likely installed at this time. The upper floor is believed to have remained an open space, accessible via the exterior stairs. In 1913 the house went through a second major renovation, the interior staircase was added and the house was wired for electricity. Water towers were installed in 1915 and it is believed that indoor plumbing was also installed at the same time.</p><br>
<h4>1929–present</h4><br>
<p>Following Frank&#39;s death in 1929, Ivy continued to live in the house, but rented out rooms to visitors and later leased the lower floor to a series of restaurants, the last of which is known as the Pioneer House Restaurant. In 1971 Ivy died, but she left the home to the Seventh Day Adventist Church who registered the home with the National Register of Historic Homes in 1973.</p><br>
<p>With the last restaurant closed, the Historical Society of Fort Lauderdale bought the house from the Seventh Day Adventists in 1979 and for the next four years a construction project began to restore the house to its 1915 appearance. In 1981 the House became its own corporation, with a separate board of trustees. The house opened to the public in the spring of 1984.</p><br>
<p>The Joseph Wesley Young House  is a historic home in Hollywood, Florida. It is located at 1055 Hollywood Boulevard. On August 10, 1989, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. Joseph Wesley Young Jr.  was a founder and developer of Hollywood, Florida. He is listed as a Great Floridian.</p><br>
<p>The house is described as looking like a "Moorish castle with two-dozen rooms" and it may have a resident ghost. One of the "most venerable and storied mansions in Broward County" it was for sale in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>Joseph Wesley Young</h2><br>
<p>Young was a real estate developer in Long Beach, California and was married to Jessie Fay (Cooke) Young (1877–1955), a piano player and singer whom he married in 1902. Although she was five years older than him, her lovely voice and personality captured his fancy when he moved to Long Beach in 1902.</p><br>
<p>In 1914 a huge flood in Long Beach wiped out the property Young was developing.</p><br>
<p>He was Hollywood&#39;s first mayor in 1925 and helped rebuild the city after a hurricane devastated it in 1926. His marketing helped bring Robert Anderson to the area. His Great Floridian plaque is at the Joseph W. Young house at 1055 Hollywood Blvd.</p><br>
<p>The Hallstrom House  is a historic house in Vero Beach, Florida. It is located at 1723 Southwest Old Dixie Highway.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Beginning as a 40 acre pineapple plantation in 1909 the main house was erected by Swedish horticulturist Axel Hallstrom. With help from Norse and Swedish craftsmen, the structure was completed in 1918. Later on, after Axel moved on to the citrus business, he eventually moved out. After Axel Hallstrom&#39;s death in 1966, his daughter continued the citrus business until the 1980s. In July 2000, efforts to preserve the remaining 5 acre plantation were achieved when Ruth Hallstrom willed them for the sole purpose of preserving the farmhouse. On June 6, 2002, the farmhouse was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Pleasant River is a 4.7 mi river in Oxford County, Maine in the United States. It is a tributary of the Androscoggin River, which flows east and south to join the Kennebec River in Merrymeeting Bay near the Atlantic Ocean.</p><br>
<p>There are three other rivers in Maine named "Pleasant River", but only one that is a tributary of the Androscoggin River. This Pleasant River has two main tributaries, the West Branch Pleasant River and the East Branch Pleasant River. The West Branch flows from headwaters near Haystack Notch in the White Mountain National Forest. The East Branch flows from headwaters near Farwell Mountain and Peter Mountain, also in the national forest. The two branches flow northward, collecting various small tributaries. They join to form the Pleasant River, which flows north for a few miles before joining the Androscoggin River a few miles west of the town of Bethel.</p><br>
<p>The Moses J. Taylor House, also known as the Dreamspinner Bed and Breakfast Inn, is a historic home in Eustis, Florida that has been operated as a bed and breakfast since about 1997. It was built in about 1881 as a two-and-a-half-story private home with elements of Italianate architecture. It was on a large property surrounded by citrus groves of the Taylor family until the land was split off for residential subdivisions built in the 1950s and 1960s.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. The property then included four non-contributing structures in addition to the one contributing building.</p><br>
<p>Moses J. Taylor was involved in the incorporation of Eustis as a town and served as its first town clerk.</p><br>
<p>Italianate elements of the house include a cornice with decorative brackets, chamfered columns on its wraparound porch, and pedimented windows and doors. Its gable ends include jig-sawn truss work that is described as Gothic Revival in style.</p><br>
<p>The Mote-Morris House is a historic house in Leesburg, Florida, United States. It was located at 1021 North Main Street. On December 27, 1974, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It was moved to 1195 Magnolia Street in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The City of Leesburg owns the house, and opens it for public tours twice a month. It is also available for rent for special occasions.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Mote-Morris was built in 1892 by Leesburg&#39;s eight-term Mayor, Edward H. Mote, at a cost of $9,000. The house is two-story with a one four story turret. The Mote family sold the house, in 1908 to Bishop Henry Clay Morrison and, in 1918, it came into the possession of the Morris family, which reside there for the next 70 years.</p><br>
<h2>Relocation</h2><br>
<p>On 1 September 1990 the house was relocated to Magnolia Street, having previously stood on Main Street.</p><br>
<p>The Bryan Building, which has also been known as the Shepherd Building and as the DeSoto Hotel, is a historic site in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It is located at 220-230 Brickell Avenue. In 1997 it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story masonry vernacular building. It has brick detailing and brick columns in its front facade.</p><br>
<p>It was built by Thomas Bryan after the 1912 fire in downtown Fort Lauderdale, and, as of its NRHP listing, was the least altered building of its era in the area. Thomas was the son of Nathaniel Bryan who supervised construction of the extension of Henry Flaglers Florida East Coast Railway from West Palm Beach to Miami. He was active in the development and city affairs of Fort Lauderdale and is his activities helped lead to the establishment of Broward County. The area the building is located in was Fort Lauderdales original downtown commercial center.</p><br>
<p>The Post Office was located in the building frome 1914 to 1925, about this time The Fort Lauderdale Bank also occupied the ground floor. From the 1920s to the early 1990s the second floor was a hotel or rooming house. Hotels in the building included the Hotel DeSoto (1919 to at least 1927), the Lee Hotel (1936-1938), the Hotel Boriss (1940-1946) and the Dorsey Hotel (1950-1965) a men only hotel with a cowboy motif. The law offices of attorney and City Judge Ennis Shepherd occupied a portion of the ground floor from 1947 to the early 1900s. Reads Dry Goods where locals often purchased materials to make clothes, other dry goods merchants, beef purveyors, real estate offices and insurance agencies were among other tenants. Fort Lauderdales downtown business district declined in the 1960s due to suburbanization. The building got a historically appropriate renovation about 1998.</p><br>
<p>The New River Inn is a historic site in Fort Lauderdale, Florida located at 231 Southwest 2nd Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The New River Inn was constructed in 1905 by the area&#39;s first contractor Edwin T. King. It was commissioned by Nathan Philemon Bryan, a Jacksonville native and US senator.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed of hollow concrete blocks and sand dredged from the nearby beach setting the standard for modern construction in the region. It included sewer and irrigation systems, running ice water and was lit with carbide lamps.</p><br>
<p>The 24-room building served as a hotel from 1905-1955. It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<p>In 1976, the Inn became the first out of the two buildings to house the Museum of Discovery and Science as the Discovery Center, and the first floor housed exhibits about natural history, while the second floor housed exhibits about non-natural history, and the exhibits were obselete, so the museum was relocated in 1992, to a much larger facility located one block north and a few blocks west of the Inn, which houses exhibits mainly about science plus a few rides, and even includes an Autonation-IMAX 3D theater with a 5 story high screen, or a 4980 square foot screen.</p><br>
<p>The Inn now serves as a museum showcasing Florida&#39;s past and pioneer life. The museum is owned and operated by the Fort Lauderdale Historical Society. Permanent exhibits include: "Panorama of the Past" detailing the entire history of the Greater Fort Lauderdale area; a hotel room which has been decorated to appear as a typical hotel room of 1908; and the historic King-Cromartie House built in 1907.</p><br>
<p>The New River Inn is located at 231 SW 2nd Avenue and is open for tours Tuesday through Sunday from Noon to 4 p.m. Admission is $10 and includes a self-guided tour of the New River Inn and a docent-led tour of the 1907 King-Cromartie House and the 1899 Replica School House. Docent-led tours begin at 1 p.m., 2 p.m. and 3 p.m.</p><br>
<p>Es-Skhul  is a prehistoric cave site situated 20 km south of the city of Haifa, Israel, and around 3 km from the Mediterranean Sea. The site was first excavated by Dorothy Garrod during summer of 1928. The excavation revealed the first evidence of the late Epipaleolithic Natufian culture, characterized by the presence of numerous microlith stone tools, human burials and ground stone tools. Skhul also represents an area where Neanderthals - present in the region from 200,000 to 45,000 years ago - lived alongside these humans dating to 100,000 years ago. The cave also has Middle Palaeolithic layers.</p><br>
<p>The remains found at Es Skhul, together with those found at the Wadi el-Mughara Caves and Mugharet el-Zuttiyeh were classified in 1939 by Arthur Keith and Theodore D. McCown as Palaeoanthropus palestinensis, a descendent of Homo heidelbergensis.</p><br>
<p>Cap&#39;s Place originally named Club Unique is a historic site in Lighthouse Point, Florida. It opened in 1928 as a speakeasy , gambling den and restaurant. It is the oldest extant structure in the City of Lighthouse Point and the oldest commercial enterprise in the area. It has operated as a restaurant since opening and is the oldest restaurant in Broward County, Florida. On August 10, 1990, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It is located at 2980 Northeast 31st Avenue. There is no parking at the site; patrons take a boat shuttle to the facility.</p><br>
<h2>Setting</h2><br>
<p>Cap&#39;s Place is a collection of five wood frame vernacular buildings, four of which are considered historic. The first building was erected in 1928 on a beached dredging barge. The site was expanded to its current L-shaped configuration in 1929. At the time of this construction the peninsula was very narrow and portions of the buildings extended over the water. In the 1960s the bay side of the peninsula was filled raising the elevation of the land and extending the shoreline past some of the buildings that had been partially over water. The site is flanked by water to the east and west and a buffer of slash pine and Australian pine to the north and south retains much of the feel of the original setting. It was originally only accessible by water.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>The structures making up the establishment are a restaurant (original building with expansion), a bar, a fish house, a dock and walkways and a boat house (not considered historic due to alterations). All of the buildings were constructed with native materials, including Cuban Mahogany, bamboo, pecky cypress, and Dade County Pine. Some of the building material was purchased from the recently established Pompano Lumber Company. The restaurant was built in two stages, the initial portion was constructed on a beached dredging barge which raised the structure above ground level.</p><br>
<h3>The restaurant</h3><br>
<p>The barge was stripped to provide a base for a one-story wood framed building with a gabled roof. The interior and exterior wall of this portion are constructed of thick horizontal pine planks. The windows and doors are symmetrically placed and original wood casings and surrounds remain. The main entrance is on the east side and is flanked by multiple pane windows with wood sashing. The south side is covered with plywood for protection from water damage but windows are visible from the interior. This portion forms the east-west portion of the extant L-shape.</p><br>
<p>The restaurant addition is a long rectangular building sitting on concrete block piers and has wood floors and a horizontal board exterior. Built of Dade County Pine this building has a low pitched asphalt shingle roof. The main entrance is on the north side with an another entrance on the east side. While aluminium windows have been installed on east and west sides the original window woodwork remains intact. This addition had red carpet and became known as the "Poinsettia Room" or the "Poinciana Room". It and was joined to the original building by a foyer in 1954. The Poinsettia Room was the principle site of gambling. The original building was divided into dining rooms, one of which was painted yellow and separated by 3/4 height walls, and a kitchen in the northwest portion of the building. Between the "yellow room" and other dining rooms there was a hallway lined with six nooks where slot machines were located. These nooks remain intact in size and shape but shelving has been added. A money counting room at the south end of the Poinsettia Room had a private exit to the east.</p><br>
<h3>The bar</h3><br>
<p>The bar located to the north of the restaurant is connected to it by decking with picnic tables. A rectangular building with windows that match those of the restaurant it has a south facing door. Patrons in the deck area are served through a wood shuttered opening east of the door. There is an additional door and a small projecting storage room on the west side. The interior decoration of the bar is distinct, a large bar of everglades bamboo topped with old ship decking and accentuated by a mirror is the dominant feature of the room. The bar and restaurant are decorated throughout with flotsam and jetsam and memorabilia.</p><br>
<h3>Other buildings</h3><br>
<p>Soon after the initial construction a fish house was built on pilings over the water. This small rectangular building was used for fish cleaning and dish washing, dirty water and fish scraps were dumped into the water. Over time the shoreline has silted in and this structure is now used for storage. The pilings that had elevated above the water remain visible. The buildings of Cap&#39;s Place are connected by a series of decks, piers and docks while the shoreline has changed these structures remain intact. A boat house where the owners lived on the site has been extensively repaired and reconstructed and is not considered historic because of this. A six-room bunkhouse built to provide housing for restaurant workers no longer exists.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1928 Eugene Theodore "Cap" Knight and Albert Hasis beached a dredging barge on a small peninsula in the Hillsboro Inlet and built a restaurant on its stripped base.They named the restaurant Club Unique but it was always known as "Caps place". Knight had operated a store and restaurant nearby since 1920. He had also been engaged in rum-running for some time. The barge, purchased for, was originally beached about a half a mile from its current location. It was moved due to expansion of the Intracoastal Waterway; the hawser ropes used are wrapped around a large piling in the bar. From the beginning it was clear that Club Unique would be a speakeasy with gambling and dining. By the end of 1929 Club Unique had expanded with the construction of a number of other buildings. Knight also operated a separate gambling barge nearby in the 1940s. Caps Place is historically important locally, to Florida and the United States as an early local commercial enterprise, run of one of the original settlers in the area, and as a part of the rum-running and gambling history of southern Florida and the US. Author Carmen McGarry wrote about Cap&#39;s Place, "A landmark comparable to no other in south Florida, it has withstood prohibition, mobsters, depression, wars, the ravages of nature, and many joyful and peaceful times for nearly a century."</p><br>
<p>One unique aspect of "Caps place" was that it was only accessible by water (until 1953). Patrons would drive to Hillsboro beach and flash their headlights signalling an employee who would row across the water and take them to the restaurant. Caps Place is now accessible by road but only handicap parking is available on site, most patrons continue to be ferried by boat. The Hillsboro Club across the Intracoastal did not serve alcohol and customers would come to Caps Place to drink. Originally the dinner menu was just shrimp, snapper, pompano, Spanish mackerel, fried oysters, and chicken. Knight "didnt didnt even believe in dessert. If we havent fed em enough, were doing something wrong" according to Talle Hasis.</p><br>
<h3>Eugene and Lola Knight</h3><br>
<p>Eugene "Cap" Knight was born in or near the Canaveral lighthouse, Cape Canaveral, Florida in 1871. He was one of the earliest settlers in the Hillsboro Beach area. Lola Saunders, the daughter of circuit riding Methodist preacher was born in a log cabin near Cross Creek in an area now part of the Ocala National Forest. Author Carmen McGarry wrote, "Cap was truly a legend of his time."</p><br>
<p>Lola Knight later recalled, "many a night hauling those sacks of liquor up the beach" and making runs to deliver to their customers. Lola Knight said, "We paid off everybody."</p><br>
<h3>Albert Hasis and Sylvester Love</h3><br>
<p>Around 1926 Knight met and befriended the 16 year old Albert Hasis from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The bar is built from bamboo and polished wood from ship&#39;s decks; an oil portrait of Knight hangs over the bar. Hasis met and married Patricia "Pat" McBride in 1945. Knight had never bought the land the restaurant was built on, Patricia Hasis borrowed $5,000 and bought the 1,000 feet of land on the Intracoastal Waterway. Albert and Patricia Hasis died in 1982 and are buried in the Deerfield Beach Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>In 1940 Sylvester Love came to work at the Club Unique, starting as a dishwasher, he advanced to chef.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>Caps Place enjoyed its peak popularity in the 1930s and 1940s when locals and tourists frequented the establishment to dine, drink, and gamble. At the time there was limousine service from the upscale Palm Beach County hotels. A partial list of notable visitors includes Meyer Lansky, Al Capone, Humphrey Bogart, Myrna Loy, Jack Dempsey, Casey Stengel, Bill Clinton, George Harrison, Mariah Carey, Jim Belushi, George Wendt and Gordon Ramsey. Patricia Hasis established a rule, still in effect, that staff is prohibited from bothering celebrities, violation can result in immediate dismissal. Patricia Hasis said, "`We have a more interesting clientele because people really have to look for us." The repeal of prohibition in 1933 saw the end of rum-running. Legal pressures put an end to gambling at Caps Place in the 1950s. When Eugene Knight died, Albert and Patricia Hasis and Lola Knight continued to run the restaurant. Lola Knight remained active in running the restaurant until 1959. Eugene Knight had not paid taxes and when he died the IRS placed liens on the property. Patricia Hasis paid the debts over time. As a part of the agreement to pay the tax debt and take control of the restaurant Hasis provided housing and care for Lola Knight for the rest of her life.</p><br>
<h3>New ownership</h3><br>
<p>Since the 1970s the restaurant has been run the Hasis three children, Talle, Ted and Tom. Neighbors complained the place was unsightly and characterized the attempt to have it listed as a tax dodge. The nomination was prepared by Research Atlantica for the Hasis siblings. An important impact of this designation is based on a law passed earlier that year Caps Place would be able to rebuild after a catastrophe. Prior to the passage of the law and subsequent designation the restaurant would have been prohibited from rebuilding as it is located in a residential zone. Hasis abstained in both votes and both measures passed 4-0.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1990s a road was built on the peninsula known as Caps Island and luxury homes were built to the north and south of the restaurant. Lot prices were close to $1.5 million. Caps Place was featured in a 2012 public television documentary, Prohibition and the South Florida Connection. In 2012 it was also used a filming location for the television show The Glades.</p><br>
<p>the Hasis siblings were joint owners. A 2017 newspaper article identifies Tom Hasis as "one of the owners of Caps Place". She has also said, when asked about retirng, "That words not in my vocabulary, if anything, Ill be sitting out there in Caps rocking chair, barking orders."</p><br>
<h3>Present day</h3><br>
<p>The approach through narrow winding residential streets in Lighthouse Point, followed by a boat ride to the restaurant coupled with the rustic setting and decor create a unique dining experience. The ceilings are low and the floors crooked but Talle Hasis tells those who complain, "Just duck your head down. My father built a strong place, low on the land." In 1963 Knight was arrested for possession of illegal turtle eggs, of an endangered species. In 2005 they were still buying their fish fresh daily from Captain Murphy a local fisherman as they had for decades. Prices are moderately expensive.</p><br>
<p>The Ladies Delight Light is a small lighthouse on Lake Cobbossee, in Winthrop, Maine, United States. It was constructed in 1908 and is believed to be the only active inland waters lighthouse in Maine. The tower is 25 ft tall, and is equipped with a 100-watt light bulb further intensified by a lens from a ship&#39;s anchor light. At the time of its construction, it was the only inland lake lighthouse east of the Mississippi River. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The lighthouse was designed by Frank Morse, a Boston marine architect. The small island on which it was constructed, Ladies Delight, is formed by the central part of a large reef; the lighthouse was built to keep a passenger launch at the south end of the lake from running aground in the area. The Cobbossee Yacht Club erected the tower with the help of two oxen. Due to the size of their barge, they could only transport one at a time. They took the first one to the island, and then returned to shore for the second. In the interval the first ox grew lonely, and began swimming back to the mainland as the workers returned with its partner. Finally, both oxen were successfully transported, and the lighthouse was built over the course of the summer.</p><br>
<p>Members of the Cobbossee Yacht Club have always maintained the lighthouse. Originally its light was provided by kerosene lanterns; a volunteer keeper went out each evening to trim the wicks, clean the globes, and light the beacon. A reflector in the light was rotated by a system of weights from a longcase clock. A wind-powered generator powered the light for a while in the 1930s; currently, power is provided by cable from Manchester. The lantern has been blown off the tower twice; sometime in the 1990s the original iron one was replaced by one made of wood. At one time there was an osprey nest on the top of the tower.</p><br>
<p>Located in the North Bay of Lake Cobbossee, the lighthouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. In 2001 it had a severe list corrected and in 2005 a new top constructed of marine grade aluminum was installed. The structure was formally dedicated on July 16, 2005 in a ceremony conducted by retiring CYC Commodore, Hugh Stephens.</p><br>
<p>On August 9, 2008 a 100th anniversary celebration was held at the lighthouse followed by an anniversary party at the nearby home of a former commodore.</p><br>
<p>The Central Instrumentation Facility  is the core of instrumentation and data processing operations at NASAs John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida supporting KSCs space launch responsibilities. It centralizes the handling of the center&#39;s data including offices, laboratories and test stations; and houses general instrumentation activities serving more than one launch complex. The CIF also includes the Central Timing Facility, where a precision clock drives countdown clocks and other timing devices at KSC that require a high degree of accuracy.</p><br>
<p>The CIF also houses computers and other electronic equipment for reduction of telemetry data, analysis, and transmission to other NASA centers. The three-story structure of approximately 134,335 ft&sup2; just west of the KSC Headquarters Building is one of the most distinctive buildings in the KSC Industrial Area with its rooftop array of various antennas.</p><br>
<p>The CIF and the Headquarters Building, which are almost 50 years old and showing signs of their age, are to be demolished during the next several years and replaced by a headquarters building that will consolidate all shared services and most administrative functions across the Industrial Area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The CIF was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on January 21, 2000.</p><br>
<h2>CIF antenna site</h2><br>
<p>A smaller building, later known as the CIF antenna site, was placed 1.5 miles (2.5 km) north of the Industrial Area, to be free of radio-frequency interference and have clear line-of-sight to the NASA launch complexes.</p><br>
<p>The KSC Headquarters Building houses the administrative offices of NASA&#39;s John F. Kennedy Space Center . Located on 1 Street in the Industrial Area of KSC on Merritt Island, Florida, it formally opened on May 26, 1965.</p><br>
<p>The facility includes the offices of the center director, management staff, personnel, procurement and several hundred contractor and support workers. The building also houses the KSC Library, travel office, film and photo archives, photo processing shops, the Engineering Document Center, print shop, mail room, credit union and KSC security offices.</p><br>
<p>The building is 439,446 square ft (40,824 square m), is three stories high (except for a fourth-story center section) and is made of reinforced concrete.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on January 21, 2000.</p><br>
<p>The Headquarters Building and the nearby Central Instrumentation Facility, which are almost 50 years old and showing signs of their age, are to be demolished during the next several years and replaced by a headquarters building that will consolidate all shared services and most administrative functions across the Industrial Area.</p><br>
<p>The Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building  is a historic site on Merritt Island, Florida, United States. The five-story structure is in the Industrial Area of NASA&#39;s Kennedy Space Center. Its facilities include the crew quarters for astronauts prior to their flights. On January 21, 2000, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Apollo program</h2><br>
<p>When it was originally built in 1964 to process spacecraft in the Gemini and Apollo era, it was known as the Manned Spacecraft Operations Building. It was renamed the Operations and Checkout Building during the Apollo program, known informally as the O&C.</p><br>
<h3>Altitude test chambers</h3><br>
<p>In 1965, a pair of altitude chambers were installed in the High Bay for testing the environmental and life support systems of both the Apollo Command/Service Module and Lunar Module at simulated altitudes of up to 250,000 ft. Each chamber is 58 ft high (with a clear working height of 28 ft) and an interior diameter of 33 ft, were human-rated, and capable of reaching the maximum altitude (minimum pressure) in one hour. These were used by the prime and backup crews of all manned missions, from the ill-fated Apollo 1 in October 1966, through to the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project in July 1975.</p><br>
<h2>Post-Apollo use</h2><br>
<p>During the 1980s and 90s the O&C building was used to house and test Spacelab science modules before their flights aboard the Space Shuttle.</p><br>
<p>In the 2000s, trusses for the International Space Station were checked out in the building.</p><br>
<p>On January 30, 2007, NASA held a ceremony to mark the transition of the building&#39;s high bay for use by the Constellation program. The building would serve as the final assembly facility for the Orion crew exploration vehicle. In preparation for the transition, the state of Florida provided funds to clear the facility of about 50 ST of steel stands, structures and equipment.</p><br>
<p>Marconi, p. 2 Renovations totaling $55 million took place from June 2007 through January 2009, at which point Lockheed Martin became the operator of the facility for Orion production.</p><br>
<p>The Driftwood Inn and Restaurant  is a historic site in Vero Beach, Florida. It is located at 3150 Ocean Drive. On August 6, 1994, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The Driftwood Inn was opened in 1937, conceived and constructed by local Vero Beach eccentric and businessman Waldo E. Sexton. The hotel and resort were continually expanded throughout the years, and the property is now a partial interval ownership/timeshare along with being a traditional hotel.</p><br>
<p>Waldo E. Sexton(1885-1967) built the two buildings which comprise the Driftwood Inn and Restaurant in 1935. Waldo has been called “one of the most colorful persons that Florida has ever known,” an “imaginative entrepreneur,” and an “outrageous, old time eccentric.” He moved to Florida in 1914 and began his legacy that includes several buildings still standing in Vero Beach today and was an integral partner in the development of McKee Jungle Garden, also in Vero Beach. Driftwood Inn and Restaurant was originally a private beach house called the “Breezeway” by its owners, Waldo & Elsebeth Sexton, because of the opening in the central portion of the first floor. Construction of the house began in about 1935 and was completed in 1937. Two rooms originally flanked the first floor. A kitchen was located on the second floor, over the breezeway. A balcony extended across the second floor. Brick chimneys also flanked the breezeway. According to family members, a coiled pipe, “solar unit” was contained between the chimneys to provide heated water, and in fact original pictures in the reception area of the Inn today show those solar panels.</p><br>
<p>The original beach house was expanded in late 1937 by the addition of a wing on the north and the south wing was added in 1939. The original portion of the building is now the central section.</p><br>
<p>The building is distinguished by board and batten exterior walls, wood shingled gable ends with decorative truss work and rustic balcony railings. The courtyard is marked by two stone walls, into which are embedded two rusty, ancient cannons. Ceramic tiles decorate the courtyard floor. A breezeway is at the east end of the courtyard and is flanked by stairs leading to the second floor. The hallway at the north end features a small mural of a Spanish explorer landing in the new world. The breezeway walls feature graffiti from visitors, applied ornaments and portions of a wood mantel.</p><br>
<p>Though originally built as a family home, within a short time it was being operated by Mrs. Waldo Sexton as a small resort hotel and because there was no restaurant in the vicinity of the Driftwood Inn, Mrs. Sexton began to cook breakfast for the guests in the family kitchen. This success led eventually to the founding of the adjacent restaurant. Waldo’s Restaurant was constructed in 1947. The main entrance to the restaurant is recessed and located adjacent to the breezeway building. The doors have multiple panels, insets and decorative ceramic tiles. Ornate metal grills also decorate the entrance area. The balcony is railed with turned spindles, part of the original design. Three immense ‘outrigger” type wood timbers decorate the south end of the building. The restaurant interior still retains some original features, such as wood paneled walls and ceramic tile insets in the floor.</p><br>
<p>Today both the Breezeway and Waldo’s Restaurant, maintain their basic integrity, their unusual workmanship and materials and their original design features. They are a unique example of vernacular architecture in which Waldo was able to express his exuberant personality. Waldo was a world traveler and a passionate collector. He incorporated into the buildings and grounds of the inn and restaurant hundreds of artifacts that he obtained from various trips. The visual display of these items was the exuberant Waldo’s way of sharing his collection of the beautiful and unusual. Part of the timber used to build the Driftwood was salvaged by Waldo from a barn blown down in a hurricane. Waldo was especially fond of bells and amassed a collection of 250 of various types and sizes, collecting them from churches, trains, ships and schools, just to mention a few. They dominate the exterior of the buildings and have always been a special part of the Driftwood Inn tradition. They were used to welcome guests on their arrival and to ring out a farewell on their departure.</p><br>
<p>Waldo continued to expand the Driftwood complex after erecting the inn and restaurant. A small office was built in 1949. In that year he also moved in a row of fishing shacks that were used for guest rooms and later, for small shops. They were converted back into guests rooms in 1986. In 1963 a 15 unit apartment building was added, just west of the original Breezeway building. Waldo’s son, Ralph, erected the four story building to the south in 1965, providing more apartment units. Two more apartment buildings are now part of the Driftwood Resort, and all apartments and guests rooms on the property were converted to interval ownership in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Driftwood Inn and Waldo’s Restaurant feature a rustic “beachcomber” ambiance. While structures of similar style may be found elsewhere in Florida, few are comparable in scale or complexity of detail The two original buildings are unique in the Vero Beach area and continue to serve their historic function of providing accommodations and amenities for tourists. Both were added to the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The inn and restaurant continue to operate today, renting rooms to the public on a daily or weekly basis and serving lunch and dinner poolside and Oceanside from Waldo’s Restaurant.</p><br>
<p>Two hurricanes in 2004 did substantial damage to the property but it reopened in 2005 and retained all the history and ambiance it has always had. With the help of local architect, John Dean and longtime property manager, Jeanne Radlet, the buildings were restored and stand today as a testament to Waldo Sexton, the entrepreneur and eclectic individual that built these structures nearly a century ago.</p><br>
<p>The River Hiz is a small  tributary river in Hertfordshire that feeds the River Ivel that, in turn, feeds the River Great Ouse. Starting at its source of a chalk fed spring just south of the village of Charlton, the river winds its way through the county of Hertfordshire, moving its way into and through Hitchin, where it meets the River Oughton and River Purwell. The Hiz finally meets the River Ivel near the village of Henlow.</p><br>
<p>The Hicca Way, inaugurated in 2012, is a footpath which follows the course of the river.</p><br>
<p>The Hiz is a focal point in the town of Hitchin, with a market that takes place historically by its banks. The Hiz also runs past the Arlesey Old Moat and Glebe Meadows nature reserve in Arlesey.</p><br>
<p>Although small, the Hiz attracts a great deal of wildlife. There are many birds around this area, which include swans, ducks, coot and kingfishers. Fish inhabit the river (trout mainly) and there is also evidence of otters.</p><br>
<h2>Toponomy</h2><br>
<p>The z in Hiz is a Domesday-Book abbreviation for ts (or tch), and Hiz is properly pronounced "Hitch". This fact seems to be little known, and Hiz is now normally said as it is spelled. It may take its name from the Hicce tribe, who inhabited the area and gave their name to Hitchin. Ekwall says that Hiz/Hitch is a probably back-formation from Hitchin, which in turn is the dative plural of Hicce.</p><br>
<p>Norden says the name is derived from a wood called Hitch, but Ekwall believes this is a conflation with Wychwood, for which the Old English is Hwiccawudu.</p><br>
<p>The Maher Building, also known as the Illinois Hotel, is a historic building in Vero Beach, Florida. Originally located at 1423 Osceola Boulevard, now 20th Street, the Maher Building housed the Maher department store owned by William J. and Catherine Maher. The store retained a reasonable reputation throughout the city for offering apparel at "pleasing prices". Although no lives were lost when the original store building burned down in November 1919, the tragedy resulted in its complete loss. After Maher recovered from the damages, he reordered stock from St. Louis and commissioned a new brick and concrete structure on the building&#39;s original site. On October 28, 1994, this structure was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>In 1989, it was listed in A Guide to Florida&#39;s Historic Architecture, published by the University of Florida Press.</p><br>
<p>The Old Vero Beach Community Building  is a historic building in Vero Beach, Florida. Located at 2146 14th Avenue, the Vero Beach Community Building was built in 1935 during the New Deal Era, a project that provided residents and visitors alike with social and entertainment activities during the great depression. The building served as a social gathering place, playhouse, and meeting hall as well as the Headquarters for the Tourist Club. The Community Building once hosted a zoo that consisted of a bear named "Alice", an alligator, monkeys and other animals. The site of the zoo is now occupied by Pocahantas Park. In 1943 a north wing was added to the building in order for it to become a servingmen&#39;s club. Organized by director Dale Wimbrow, the addition consisted of lounge, a restroom, and showers. After World War II, the 1943 addition became the Indian River Citrus Museum. On January 19, 1993, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Vero Beach Diesel Power Plant  is a historic power plant in Vero Beach, Florida. Located at 1133 19th Place, the Vero Beach Diesel Power Plant was built in 1926 replacing an earlier power plant due to the areas extensive growth. It was built in the masonry vernacular style by architects Carter and Damerow and by the engineering firm of Kennard and Sons. The structure was the citys first public utilitarian facility. It is also the citys oldest municipal building. On February 26, 1999, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. In June 2016, the Diesel Plant was sold to real estate developer Michael R. Rechter. Following a $6 million renovation, the building and property were adapted and reutilized as American Icon Brewery - a brewpub/production brewery which opened in September 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Vero Beach Womans Club is a historic womans club in Vero Beach, Florida. It is located at 1534 21st Street. On February 10, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Vero Beachs first mayor Irene Young wife of A.W. Young founded the Vero Beach Womans Unity Club. The club originally met at the Sleepy Eye Lodge until land was donated by Indian River Farms Company to erect the current building. Completed in 1916 the clubhouse was built adjacent to the Youngs house. The club was responsible for many beautification and civic projects. One of their most revered achievements could be the foundation of the Vero Beach Library. After organizing Veros first public library in the Sleepy Eye Lodge during the summer of 1915, they decided to transform portions of their own clubhouse into Veros second. On February 16, 1915 Vero Beachs second library was founded with the helpful donations of Mrs. Hard who donated 300 books, and Waldo E. Sexton who donated cypress and black walnut tables and desks. The club adopted the slogan "A beautiful Vero Beach and surrounding country, the best place on earth to live." The clubhouse is still used for meetings and events.</p><br>
<p>Devils Courthouse is a mountain in the Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina in the United States of America. The mountain is located at the Western edge of the Pisgah National Forest about 10 miles  northwest of Brevard and 28 miles  southwest of Asheville. Located at milepost 422.4 of the Blue Ridge Parkway, the Devils Courthouse has a moderate/strenuous trail climbing a half mile to its peak where panoramic views can be seen.</p><br>
<h2>Myth of Judaculla</h2><br>
<p>Cherokee lore had been reported to state that Jutaculla (alternative English spelling is Judaculla; Cherokee name is Tsulkălû), a slant eyed giant, dwells in the cave in Devil&#39;s Courthouse. However James Mooney, the Cherokee anthropologist, 100 years earlier located Jutaculla to Tanasee Bald where Haywood, Jackson, and Transylvania counties meet. Tanasee Bald is 1.5 miles southwest.</p><br>
<p>Folk tales say that the devil holds court in the chambers of the cave.</p><br>
<p>Ebenezer, also known as New Ebenezer, is a ghost town in Effingham County, Georgia, United States, along the banks of Ebenezer Creek. It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places as Ebenezer Townsite and Jerusalem Lutheran Church in 1974.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The town was established in 1734 by about 150 Salzburger emigrants, Protestant refugees who had been expelled from the Catholic Archbishopric of Salzburg (in present-day Austria) by a 1731 edict of Prince-archbishop Count Leopold Anton von Firmian. With the consent of governor James Oglethorpe, New Ebenezer was moved closer to the Savannah River in 1736, and at its new location many silk mills were opened. The Salzburgers&#39; pastor, the Reverend Johann Martin Boltzius, sought to build "a religious utopia on the Georgia frontier." That idea was very successful for a time, and the economy thrived. Jerusalem Lutheran Church was completed in 1769, and is the fourth-oldest building in Georgia.</p><br>
<p>But, after the British invasion of 1778 during the American Revolutionary War, the town was severely damaged. It never fully recovered, although it briefly served as the capital of Georgia in 1782. It was made the county seat of Effingham County in 1797, but two years later the seat was transferred to Springfield, taking much county business with it. By the time Ebenezer was abandoned in 1855, the town covered only 1/4 square mile. The Jerusalem Evangelical Lutheran Church is one of the few buildings that has survived in Ebenezer, and is believed to have the oldest continuing congregation in the state.</p><br>
<p>The Ebenezer Townsite and Jerusalem Lutheran Church were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 4, 1974. The New Ebenezer Camp, established 1977, is located in former Ebenezer. In 1987, the LAMAR Institute began an archaeological study of Ebenezer. Several reports from its researchers are available online at the institute&#39;s website.</p><br>
<p>One of the more notable people from Ebenezer was John Adam Treutlen, the first state governor of Georgia.</p><br>
<p>The Clifford House  is a historic home in Eustis, Florida, United States. It is located at 536 North Bay Street. On April 4, 1975, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It was owned by G.D. Clifford, an early settler and local merchandiser.</p><br>
<p>Construction began in 1910 and completed in 1911, the 4,500 ft&sup2;. Clifford house has 18 rooms and is home to the Eustis Historical Museum & Preservation Society, which was founded in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Eustis Historical Museum</h2><br>
<p>Each room of the Clifford House has a different theme, and features period antiques and displays of local history. One room is called the “Indiana Jones Room”, and is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Edgar J. Banks, a professor and archaeologist who spent time in Eustis, and who is held up as the inspiration for the character of Indiana Jones.</p><br>
<p>The Citrus Museum is located next to Clifford House, and features exhibits related to the area&#39;s former importance in the citrus industry, including labels, posters, utensils, tools, equipment and other memorabilia.</p><br>
<p>The Lakeside Inn is a historic site in Mount Dora, Florida. It is located at 100 North Alexander Street. On March 19, 1987, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It was for sale in 2010, and purchased by new owners, who planned to renovate it, later that year. Built in 1883, Lakeside Inn is the oldest continuously operating hotel in the State of Florida. The last of the Grand Victorian Era Hotels still remaining in Central Florida it is said to be the most historic hotel there. Throughout its 130 year history, Lakeside Inn has hosted many noted dignitaries and celebrities, including President Calvin Coolidge and First Lady Grace Coolidge, for a month-long stay in the winter of 1930. Lakeside Inn has also been distinguished as the number one venue in the Central Florida Lakes Region for wedding ceremonies and receptions</p><br>
<p>The Campbell House  is a historic house located at 3147 County Road 470 in Okahumpka, Florida. It is locally significant as an excellent example of a frame vernacular house, and as one of the few houses built in the 19th century in Okahumpka.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It is a 2-story frame vernacular house with an "L" shaped footprint and a one story addition on the side. The main block is in an I-house form, one room deep with a central staircase. The 2-story gable extension on the rear contains the kitchen and work area. A majority of the windows are 6/6 double-hung vinyl sashes which were designed replicate the historic wooden windows.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1999.</p><br>
<p>Looking Glass Rock is a pluton monolith in the Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina. The mountain is located within Pisgah National Forest about 5.5 miles  northwest of Brevard and 25 miles  southwest of Asheville. Named for the way its granite face reflects the sunshine, it rises from the valley floor to an elevation of almost 4000 ft.</p><br>
<p>Trails from Forest Service Road 475 and 475B lead to the top of the mountain. It is a moderate/strenuous trail climbing 1700 ft over 3.1 miles to its peak where panoramic views can be seen. There is a flat slab on the top, that can be used as a helipad.</p><br>
<p>Looking Glass Rock is a popular rock climbing destination. Whether it is free climbing, multi-pitch or aid climbing, dozens of routes traverse the South Face, North Face, Nose Area, Sun Wall, Invisible Wall and Hidden Wall to the top of the mountain.</p><br>
<p>From the top of Looking Glass Rock, panoramic views can be seen of the Blue Ridge Parkway and surrounding mountains of Transylvania County.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>Canigao is an islet located in the Philippines, near the municipality of Matalom, Leyte. The area is known for abundant fishing grounds and scenic coral reef areas suitable for diving.</p><br>
<h2>Features</h2><br>
<p>Canigao Island is uninhabited, featuring a lighthouse as its only significant man-made structure. The beaches have white sand, with tropical sea creatures and extensive coral reef in the surrounding waters. The climate is tropical and similar to that found in other areas of the Philippine islands. These natural features often attract tourists and scuba divers, who arrive at the island by traveling from Matalom (in the province of Leyte).</p><br>
<p>The western and northern part of Canigao island is placed under nature protection as a sanctuary. Due to this, activities such as swimming, diving, fishing, snorkeling, and boating in the protected areas are limited by law.</p><br>
<p>Upper Kananaskis Lake is a natural lake that was turned into a reservoir in Kananaskis Country in Alberta, Canada.</p><br>
<p>Upper Kananaskis Lake, along with the Lower Kananaskis Lake, is located in Peter Lougheed Provincial Park.</p><br>
<p>The lake is part of a series of natural and man made lakes in the Kananaskis and Bow Valleys used for hydro electric power, flood control, and water reserves for the Bow River water users such as the city of Calgary.</p><br>
<p>The lake is also used for recreational activities, with hiking paths surrounding the lake (and cross-country skiing trails in the winter).</p><br>
<h2>Hiking trails</h2><br>
<p>Upper Kananaskis Lake Circuit</p><br>
<p>Rawson Lake Trail</p><br>
<p>Aster Lake Route (also goes to Hidden Lake)</p><br>
<p>Three Isle Lake Trail</p><br>
<p>Maude-Lawson Trail (To Lawson Lake)</p><br>
<p>Mount Indefatigable Trail</p><br>
<p>Elk Pass Trail (To Fox, Frozen, Upper Elk, and Lower Elk Lakes)</p><br>
<p>Northover Ridge Route</p><br>
<p>Ajawaan Lake is a lake in the northern boreal forest portion of Prince Albert National Park, Saskatchewan, 700 metres from the north end of Kingsmere Lake via a wide portage trail. It is known mainly as the home of Grey Owl, famed naturalist, from 1932 to 1938. Access is via a 20 km trail from the Kingsmere River up the west side of Kingsmere Lake, or by canoe or small boat via the Kingsmere River, Kingsmere River rail push-cart portage and Kingsmere Lake. The lake has native northern pike and walleye fish, as well as resident beavers.</p><br>
<p>The trail to Grey Owls cabin is 2.75 km around the western edge of the lake. There are two cabins on the north shore, one at the waters edge where beavers had built a lodge partly inside, and a second up the hill behind. The second cabin was built for Grey Owl&#39;s wife, Anahereo, who disliked sharing the cabin with beavers. The graves of Grey Owl, his common-law wife Anahereo and daughter Shirley Dawn are west of the upper cabin. There are interpretative signs at the cabin site. Parks Canada has restored the both cabins several times and the beaver lodge in the lower cabin is a partial reconstruction only.</p><br>
<p>The Massachusetts Historical Society is a major historical archive specializing in early American, Massachusetts, and New England history. It is located at 1154 Boylston Street in Boston, Massachusetts and is the oldest historical society in the United States, having been established in 1791.</p><br>
<p>The Society&#39;s building was constructed in 1899 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. In 2016, The Boston Landmarks Commission designated it a Boston Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Society was founded on January 24, 1791, by Reverend Jeremy Belknap to collect, preserve, and document items of American history. He and the nine other founding members donated family papers, books, and artifacts to the Society to form its initial collection. Its first manuscript was published in 1792, becoming the first historical society publication in the United States. The society incorporated in 1794; signatories included William Baylies, Jeremy Belknap, Alden Bradford, Peleg Coffin, Manasseh Cutler, John Davis, Daniel Davis, Aaron Dexter, John Eliot, Nathaniel Freeman, James Freeman, Thaddeus Mason Harris, Isaac Lothrop, George Richards Minot, John Mellen Jr., Thomas Pemberton, William Dandridge Peck, John Prince, Ezekiel Price, James Sullivan, David Sewall, Peter Thacher, William Tudor, Samuel Turell, Dudley Atkins Tyng, James Winthrop, Thomas Wallcut, Redford Webster, and William Wetmore. Indeed, the Society claims to have been the only historical collection in the United States until establishment of the New-York Historical Society (1804) and the American Antiquarian Society (1812), after which time the Society&#39;s collecting activities began to focus primarily on Boston and New England.</p><br>
<p>"The society, for several years after its organization, met in the attic of Faneuil Hall; afterwards rooms were occupied in Hamilton Place, and then in Franklin Street. In 1833... quarters on Tremont Street were occupied" in the building of the Provident bank through the 1890s. The societys current building in the Back Bay was built in 1899; it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1965 in recognition of the societys distinctive contribution to historic preservation.</p><br>
<h2>Collections</h2><br>
<p>Today the Society continues to collect, preserve, and communicate historical information about Massachusetts and the United States. It is now organized in five departments: Library, Publications, Education and Public Programs, Research Programs, the Adams Family Papers, and Administration. Major collections include:</p><br>
<p>Adams Family Papers (1639-1889) - material relating to President John Adams (1735-1826) and First Lady Abigail Adams (1744-1818), as well as other family members including Charles Francis Adams (1807-1886), President John Quincy Adams (1767-1848), First Lady Louisa Catherine Adams (1775-1852), Charles Francis Adams (1835-1915), and Henry Adams (1838-1918). Among other papers, the collection includes correspondence, diaries, literary manuscripts, speeches, legal and business papers, and John Adams&#39; handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence.</p><br>
<p>Thomas Jefferson - the library holds Jeffersons handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence and the Coolidge Collection, a collection of "Thomas Jefferson Manuscripts" containing thousands of pages of Jeffersons correspondence, manuscripts of writings, Monticello records including account books and journals, and more than 400 of Jefferson&#39;s architectural drawings.</p><br>
<p>Other Manuscripts and printed texts - approximately 12,000 biographies and more than 10,000 local histories, as well as newspapers and broadsides including John Dunlaps July 4–5, 1776, Philadelphia printing of the Declaration of Independence. Other notable manuscripts include John Winthrops manuscripts on the early settlement of New England; Paul Revere&#39;s account of his ride; and the Francis Parkman manuscripts dealing with French Canada.</p><br>
<p>Artwork - paintings by John Singleton Copley (1738-1815), Sarah Goodridge (1788-1853), Chester Harding (1792-1866), Alonzo Hartwell (1805-1873), Samuel Stillman Osgood (1808-1885), John Smibert (1688-1751), and Richard Morrell Staigg (1817-1881), as well as sculptures by Thomas Ball, Richard Saltonstall Greenough, Henry Dexter, and Hiram Powers.</p><br>
<p>The Society continues to produce scholarly books, but now augments these publications with digital editions available through its website and other online resources. The Massachusetts Historical Review has been published annually since 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Notable fellows</h2><br>
<p>The Fellows of the Massachusetts Historical Society are elected and serve as the Society&#39;s legal governing body. Notable fellows include:</p><br>
<p>Ben Bagdikian</p><br>
<p>Bernard Bailyn</p><br>
<p>Lawrence Buell</p><br>
<p>Ken Burns</p><br>
<p>Robert Caro</p><br>
<p>James Carroll</p><br>
<p>Jill Ker Conway</p><br>
<p>Michael Dukakis</p><br>
<p>Joseph Ellis</p><br>
<p>Drew Gilpin Faust</p><br>
<p>David Hackett Fischer</p><br>
<p>Henry Louis Gates, Jr.</p><br>
<p>Doris Kearns Goodwin</p><br>
<p>David D. Hall</p><br>
<p>Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham</p><br>
<p>Maya Jasanoff</p><br>
<p>Justin Kaplan</p><br>
<p>Jill Lepore</p><br>
<p>David McCullough</p><br>
<p>James M. McPherson</p><br>
<p>Bill Moyers</p><br>
<p>Deval Patrick</p><br>
<p>Jaroslav Pelikan</p><br>
<p>Nathaniel Philbrick</p><br>
<p>Cokie Roberts</p><br>
<p>Larry Ruttman</p><br>
<p>Jonathan Sarna</p><br>
<p>Merritt Roe Smith</p><br>
<p>Richard Norton Smith</p><br>
<p>David Souter</p><br>
<p>Laurel Thatcher Ulrich</p><br>
<p>Garry Wills</p><br>
<p>Gordon S. Wood</p><br>
<p>Llyn Idwal is a small lake  that lies within Cwm Idwal in the Glyderau mountains of Snowdonia.</p><br>
<p>It is named after Prince Idwal Foel, a grandson of Rhodri Mawr, one of the ancient Kings of Wales. Legend states that the king&#39;s unfortunate offspring was murdered by being drowned in the lake. In fact Idwal Foel died in battle against the Saxons in 942 and an alternate version claims that he was cremated beside the lake, as was the burial custom for Celtic nobility.</p><br>
<p>A number of small streams flow into Llyn Idwal from around Cwm Idwal. One small river flows out and joins the Afon Ogwen river at Pont Pen-y-Benglog near Ogwen Cottage, immediately above the Rhaeadr Ogwen waterfall.</p><br>
<h2>Paths</h2><br>
<p>The lake is easily accessible on foot via a 900-metre long stone-paved path from Ogwen Cottage on the main A5 road. Another path encircles the lake. Two paths lead from opposite sides of the lake to the top of the ridge close to the Twll Du (Devil&#39;s Kitchen), but these paths become rather steep in places. They lead to Glyder Fach and Glyder Fawr.</p><br>
<p>There is a small pebble beach at the northwest edge of Llyn Idwal which is occasionally used by visitors for recreation, including bathing in the summer months. As a mountain lake, the waters can be cold and care should be taken by swimmers not to go out beyond their depths.</p><br>
<p>The lake lies wholly within Gwynedd County, although the eastern edge forms the boundary between the counties of Gwynedd and Conwy.</p><br>
